Introductory Networking

• Which layer would choose to send data over TCP or UDP?

4

• Which layer checks received information to make sure that it hasn't been corrupted?

2

• In which layer would data be formatted in preparation for transmission?

2

• Which layer transmits and receives data?

1

• Which layer encrypts, compresses, or otherwise transforms the initial data to give it a standardised format?

6

• Which layer tracks communications between the host and receiving computers?

5

• Which layer accepts communication requests from applications?

7

• Which layer handles logical addressing?

3

• When sending data over TCP, what would you call the "bite-sized" pieces of data?

Segments

• [Research] Which layer would the FTP protocol communicate with?

7

• Which transport layer protocol would be best suited to transmit a live video?

UDP

• How would you refer to data at layer 2 of the encapsulation process (with the OSI model)?

Frames

• How would you refer to data at layer 4 of the encapsulation process (with the OSI model), if the UDP protocol has been selected?

Datagrams

• What process would a computer perform on a received message?

De-encapsulation

• Which is the only layer of the OSI model to add a trailer during encapsulation? 

Data Link

• Does encapsulation provide an extra layer of security (Aye/Nay)?

Aye

• Which model was introduced first, OSI or TCP/IP?

TCP/IP

• Which layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of the Transport layer of the OSI model (Full Name)?

Transport

• Which layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of the Session layer of the OSI model (Full Name)?

Application

• The Network Interface layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of two layers in the OSI model. These layers are Data Link, and?.. (Full Name)?

Physical

• Which layer of the TCP/IP model handles the functionality of the OSI network layer?

Internet

• What kind of protocol is TCP?

Connection-based

• What is SYN short for?

Synchronise

• What is the second step of the three way handshake?

SYN/ACK

• What is the short name for the "Acknowledgement" segment in the three-way handshake?

ACK

• What command would you use to ping the bbc.co.uk website?

ping bbc.co.uk

• Ping muirlandoracle.co.uk

What is the IPv4 address? 

217.160.0.152

• What switch lets you change the interval of sent ping requests?

-i

• What switch would allow you to restrict requests to IPv4?

-4

• What switch would give you a more verbose output?

-v

• What switch would you use to specify an interface when using Traceroute?

-i

• What switch would you use if you wanted to use TCP SYN requests when tracing the route?

-T

• [Lateral Thinking] Which layer of the TCP/IP model will traceroute run on by default (Windows)?

Internet

• What is the registrant postal code for facebook.com?

94025

• When was the facebook.com domain first registered (Format: DD/MM/YYYY)?

29/03/1997

• Which city is the registrant based in?

Redmond

• [OSINT] What is the name of the golf course that is near the registrant address for microsoft.com?

Bellevue Golf Course

• What is the registered Tech Email for microsoft.com?

msnhst@microsoft.com

• What is DNS short for?

Domain Name System

• What is the first type of DNS server your computer would query when you search for a domain?

Recursive

• What type of DNS server contains records specific to domain extensions (i.e. .com, .co.uk*, etc)*? Use the long version of the name.

Top-Level Domain

• Where is the very first place your computer would look to find the IP address of a domain?

Local Cache

• [Research] Google runs two public DNS servers. One of them can be queried with the IP 8.8.8.8, what is the IP address of the other one?

8.8.4.4

• If a DNS query has a TTL of 24 hours, what number would the dig query show?

86400